Legislation/Government Agency Action

Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 (the Bioterrorism Act) (http://www.fda.gov/oc/bioterrorism/bioact.html) The full-text version of the act passed into law June 12, 2002, and Federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations and guidance on the major provisions of the act.

• Title III: Protecting Safety and Security of Food and Drug Supply (http://www.fda.gov/oc/bioterrorism/PL107-188.html#title3)
• Title IV: Drinking Water Security and Safety (http://www.fda.gov/oc/bioterrorism/PL107-188.html#title4)
• FDA actions on new Bioterorrism legislation (http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/fsbtact.html)

United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Homeland Security Efforts (http://www.usda.gov/homelandsecurity/hs-efforts.pdf) How the USDA is responding to homeland security issues. Key areas include food supply and agricultural production, USDA facilities, and USDA staff and emergency preparedness.

United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) Strategic Plan for Homeland Security (http://www.epa.gov/epahome/downloads/epa_homeland_security_strategic_plan.pdf) The US EPA's strategic goals in homeland security, including critical infrastructure protection, preparedness, response, recovery, communication and informations systems, and the protection of US EPA personnel and infrastructure.

• Community Drinking Water Systems: Requirements under the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 (http://www.epa.gov/safewater/security/community.html) Includes instructions for communities and information about vulnerability assessment certificatio, and response plan certification.

United States Department of Homeland Security: The National Strategy for the Physical Protection of Critical Infrastructures and Key Assets (http://www.whitehouse.gov/pcipb/physical.html)

Guidelines for Industry

FDA Guidance for Industry "Food Producers, Processors, and Transporters: Food Security Preventive Measures Guidance": http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/secguid6.html Guidance designed as an aid to operators of food establishments that identifies preventive measures they can take to minimize the risk that food under their control will be subject to tampering or criminal or terrorist actions. This guidance is VOLUNTARY and is not tied to existing regulations.

FDA Guidance for Industry "Importers and Filers: Food Security Preventive Measures Guidance": http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/secguid7.html Guidance designed as an aid to operators of food importing establishments, storage warehouses and filers identifying preventive measures they can take to minimize the risk that food under their control will be subject to tampering or criminal or terrorist actions. This guidance is VOLUNTARY and is not tied to existing regulations. FDA Guidance for Industry "Retail Food Stores and Food Service Establishments: Food Security Preventive Measures Guidance - Draft Guidance": http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/secguid5.html This draft guidance is designed to focus an operator's attention sequentially on each segment of the food delivery system within his/her control, to minimize the risk of tampering or other malicious, criminal or terrorist action at each segment. To be successful, implementing enhanced preventive measures requires the commitment of management and staff. Accordingly, FDA recommends that both management and staff participate in the development and review of such measures.

FDA Field Instructions for "Food Producers, Processors, Transporters, and Retailers -- Food Security Preventive Measures Guidance" and "Importers and Filers - Food Security Preventive Measures Guidance" (http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/secguid3.html)

World Health Organization (WHO) Food Safety Department "Terrorist Threats to Food: Guidance for Estabilishing and Strengthening Prevention and Response Systems" (http://www.who.int/fsf/Documents/terrorism_and_food_en.pdf) Intended to provide WHO member states policy guidance for integrating consideration of deliberate acts of sabotage of food into existing prevention and response programs. Appendix outlines specific measures for consideration by the food industry.

United States Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service "FSIS Security Guidelines for Food Processors" (http://www.fsis.usda.gov/oa/topics/SecurityGuide.pdf) Prepared to assist federal and state inspected plants that produce meat, poultry and egg products in identifying ways to strengthen their biosecurity protection.

California Department of Health Services, Food and Drug Branch "Interim Guidance for Food and Agriculture Safety and Security" (http://www.dhs.cahwnet.gov/ps/fdb/PDF/Bioterrorism%20-%20Guidance%20-%20Short.pdf) Posted in November 2001. This guidance includes suggestions for security practices that would reduce the likelihood of a terrorist attack on food and agriculture operations and reduce a successful attack's impact on the operation, business partners, and the public.

Department of Transportation Advisory Notice; Enhancing the security of hazardous materials in transportation. http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2002_register&docid=02-3636-filed.pdf

"Protecting your Farm from Terrorism" http://www.ifbf.org/commodity/pdf/Terrorism.pdf Recommendations for physical security, employment security, pesticide security, animal health and bio-security on farms.

Government Web Sites

These Websites include links to more information on food and water security and biological, chemical and radiological terrorism.

Food Safety and Terrorism: http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/fsterr.html

Countering Bioterrorism and Other threats to the food supply: http://www.foodsafety.gov/%7Efsg/bioterr.html

USDA/FSIS Homeland Security Resources: http://www.fsis.usda.gov/oa/topics/biosecurity.htm

US EPA - Water Infrastructure Security: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/security/index.html

Risk Assessment

US EPA Vulnerability Assessment Factsheet: http://www.epa.gov/safewater/security/va_fact_sheet_12-19.pdf Information on the purpose and basic elements of a vulnerability assessment on the water system

NIOSH "Guidance for Protecting Building Environments from Airborne Chemical, Biological, or Radiological Attacks": http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/bldvent/pdfs/2002-139.pdf Guidance for assessing a building's vulnerability to terrorist attacks

American Chemical Society "Site Security Guidelines for U.S. Chemical Industry": http://www.americanchemistry.com/cmawebsite.nsf/unid/nnar-53zjjj Risk assessment, prevention strategies, management issues, physical security, employee and contractor security, and information, computer, and network security. Includes a sample site security analysis and sample plans, policies, and procedures.

Food Safety and Security: Operational Risk Management Systems Approach: http://www.dphhs.state.mt.us/hpsd/pubheal/healsafe/pdf/guideorm.pdf A guide to using operational risk management (ORM) to enhance food safety and security by minimizing risk at each step in food production from the farm to the fork.

Operational Risk Management (from California's Department of Health Services Food and Drug Branch): http://www.dhs.cahwnet.gov/ps/fdb/HTML/Food/Education%20Unit/orm/OperationalRiskMgt.htm A Web-based self-assessment tool using ORM for the food industry.

FAA system safety handbook, Operational Risk Management http://www.asy.faa.gov/Risk/SSHandbook/Chap15_1200.pdf

Other Food Security Documents

Food-Processing Security: Voluntary Efforts Are Underway, but Federal Agencies Cannot Fully Assess Their Implementation. GAO-03-342, February 14. http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO-03-342
http://www.gao.gov/highlights/d03342high.pdf (Highlights)