What is postpartum depression? Having a baby can be one of the happiest and most important events in a women’s life. While life with a new baby can be thrilling and rewarding, it also can be hard and stressful at times. Many new moms experience the baby blues – a mild, brief bout of depression – for a few days or weeks after giving birth. However, 10 percent to 20 percent of new moms will experience a more severe form of depression – known as postpartum or perinatal depression – that can interfere with daily life. Some women may develop postpartum psychosis, a rare but severe illness. The baby blues A mild depression is common to many new mothers (approximately 50 percent), and usually occurs immediately after birth. This condition is characterized by sudden mood swings that range from euphoria to intense sadness. It can last for only a few hours or as long as one to two weeks after delivery. Medical attention is not necessary. Postpartum depression Women who experience the baby blues are at an increased risk of developing postpartum depression. The condition is characterized by more intense feelings of sadness, despair, anxiety and irritability. The symptoms are longer lasting and may occur anytime within the first year. It often affects a woman's ability to function, and without medical attention, the symptoms may worsen. Postpartum psychosis Postpartum psychosis is a rare, serious mental illness that affects one in 500 to 1,000 new mothers. The onset is usually within the first six weeks after delivery and may cause the mother to completely lose touch with reality. She may have thoughts of harming herself or her child. Women who have bipolar disorder or another psychiatric problem called schizoaffective disorder have a higher risk of developing postpartum psychosis. Counseling, combined with medication and education in stress reduction, generally leads to recovery. What are the signs of postpartum depression? The following symptoms, especially if they linger or get worse, could signal that you have more than just the baby blues:
What causes postpartum depression? There is no single cause for postpartum depression. Physical, emotional and lifestyle factors all may play a role. Depression also runs in some families. Who gets postpartum depression? Any woman who is pregnant, had a baby within the past several months, miscarried, recently weaned a child from breast feeding, or adopted a child can suffer from postpartum depression, regardless of how many previously non-complicated pregnancies and postpartum adjustments she has had. A woman may experience this regardless of her age, socioeconomic status, and number of children she has borne. What is the treatment for postpartum depression? Postpartum depression is treated much like other types of depression. Support, counseling (“talk therapy”) and medications can help. Treatment depends on the nature and severity of the postpartum depression and it is important to recognize that it is both temporary and treatable. More information about postpartum depression can be obtained by contacting your physician or any of the following: Illinois Department of Human Services Helpline National Institute of Mental Health The National Women’s Health Information Center, Office on Women’s Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services |